Yeast Infection

General Information

A Yeast infection is caused by a fungus normally present in the vagina and rectum.  The infection occurs when vaginal conditions change allowing for an overgrowth of the yeast organism resulting in an imbalance between yeast and other normal vaginal organisms. 

Symptoms

• One or more of the following symptoms may indicate a yeast infection:

• A thick, sometimes heavy, white to yellowish, cottage-cheese like discharge

• Severe vaginal or vulvar itching or a dry, red vagina

• Burning when urine touches the vulva

Who is at risk?

• Women who are under stress, have a lowered immune resistance, and/or are sexually active, as well as women who douche, use scented tampons/pads, and use other "feminine hygiene" products.

• Women who wear synthetic underwear, leotards, tights, pantyhose, or tight pants as these do not allow air circulation around the vulva and keep the area warm and moist.

• Women who take birth control pills or other hormonal drugs, are pregnant, or have diabetes have elevated levels of sugar in the walls of their vagina and in their urine, which can cause an imbalance in yeast.

• Women who are being treated with antibiotics often have elevated amounts of yeast because the drugs kill not only bad bacteria, but also bacteria that prevents an overgrowth of yeast.

Prevention

• Wear cotton underwear and pantyhose and avoid tight, synthetic clothing.

• After going to the bathroom, wipe from front to back as to not carry bacteria from the rectum to the urinary opening.

• If you regularly develop yeast infections when taking antibiotics: use an over-the-counter yeast medication whenever antibiotics are prescribed, and eat plenty of yogurt.

Testing

• Diagnosis is usually made by examining the vaginal discharge under a microscope.  Pap smears or cultures may also reveal yeast over-growth.

•  Treatment

• There are both oral and vaginal treatments available over the counter and by prescription.

• Finish entire treatment

• Be sure to continue the treatment even if you start your period using pads not tampons (for vaginal treatments). 

• Some women successfully treat yeast infections by douching or inserting plain yogurt (live culture) into the vagina.  Ask your health care provider for more information.

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