Intra Uterine Device (IUD)

General Information

The IUD is a small plastic or copper device that is inserted through the cervix and into the uterine cavity and provides up to 10 years of highly effective contraception.  IUDs prevent fertilization by reducing the ability of sperm to fertilize the egg and by preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg into the uterine wall.  There are two types of IUDs available: the Mirena, which contains hormones, and the ParaGard Copper T, which does not.  Although similar, these two IUDs have key differences:

Getting an IUD

• It generally takes a few weeks to obtain an IUD at Mabel Wadsworth Center as IUDs are ordered individually.
• Each client will be screened for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) before insertion. 
• Women who have an STI must successfully treat it before insertion of an IUD.  During the first 20 days of IUD use, those with an infection at time of insertion are at an increased the risk of developing Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
• Women choosing to use an IUD should be at a low risk for contracting STIs.
• Each client will need a recent pap smear (within 6 months) before insertion.

• IUDs may safely be inserted at any time of the month as long as there is no risk of pregnancy.  Some practitioners may require that a woman be on her period as this can aid in insertion. Check with your provider before setting an appointment date.
• Insertion takes about 15 minutes and can cause cramping.
• Although the IUD is effective soon after insertion, a back-up method of birth control must be used for the first month of use while your body adjusts to the device.

 Instructions for use

• Once inserted, an IUD should be checked monthly (after your period) by inserting a finger into the vagina and feeling for the IUD string at the tip of the cervix. 
• If the string is longer/shorter or you feel plastic the IUD may be on the verge of being expelled and you must contact your provider immediately. 

Possible Risks

• Perforation of uterus (piercing or puncturing of the uterine wall)
• Expulsion (IUD coming out of cervix)
• There is a greater chance of ectopic pregnancy if pregnancy should occur

Danger Signs

• Severe abdominal pain and fever or abnormal discharge
• Pain/bleeding during sex
• Unexplained fever/chills or other flu-like symptoms
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding

Discontinuing the IUD

• Contact your provider when you are ready to have the IUD removed. 
• Removal will not take as long as insertion but cramping can occur
• If the IUD is removed near ovulation, pregnancy may occur from recent intercourse before the IUD was removed.

Always inform medical providers that you have an IUD.

Call Mabel Wadsworth Women's Health Center if you have any questions about the IUD.

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